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<p>List of Contributors x</p> <p>About the Companion Website xvii</p> <p>Introduction: What is Point-of-Care Ultrasound? 1<br /><i>James A. Connolly, Anthony J. Dean, Beatrice Hoffmann and Robert D. Jarman</i></p> <p><b>Part 1 Physics 5</b></p> <p>1 How Does Ultrasound Work? 7<br /><i>Heather Venables</i></p> <p><b>Part 2 Ultrasound by Region 13</b></p> <p>Thorax 14</p> <p>2 Evaluation of the Chest Wall, Pleura and Lung 15<br /><i>Gebhard Mathis and Anthony J. Dean</i></p> <p>3 Point-of-Care Ultrasonography of the Thoracic Aorta 32<br /><i>R. Andrew Taylor and Christopher L. Moore</i></p> <p>4 Anatomy/Ultrasonography of the Heart 39<br /><i>Conn Russell</i></p> <p>5 Basic Point-of-Care Echocardiography: Interpretation and Haemodynamic Assessment 47<br /><i>Craig Morris</i></p> <p>6 Beyond Basic Point-of-Care Echocardiography 56<br /><i>Sean Bennett</i></p> <p>Abdomen 69</p> <p>7 Ultrasound Assessment of the Abdominal Aorta in the Acute Setting 71<br /><i>Simon Richards</i></p> <p>8 Focussed Assessment with Sonography in Trauma – The FAST Exam 83<br /><i>Rajat Gangahar</i></p> <p>9 Advanced Gastrointestinal Ultrasound: Identifying Appendicitis, Pneumoperitoneum, Intussusception and Diverticulitis 101<br /><i>Beatrice Hoffmann and Sara Damewood</i></p> <p>10 Intravascular Volume Assessment by Ultrasound Evaluation of the Inferior Vena Cava 115<br /><i>Anthony J. Dean</i></p> <p>11 Emergency Ultrasound in First-Trimester Pregnancy 126<br /><i>Andrew M. Kestler and John L. Kendall</i></p> <p>12 Second- and Third-Trimester Pregnancy 143<br /><i>Elena Skomorovsky, John Gullett and David C. Pigott</i></p> <p>13 Gynaecological Ultrasound in Emergency Medicine: The Non-Pregnant Female Patient with Abdomino-Pelvic Pain 152<br /><i>Martha Villalba and Michael Lambert</i></p> <p>14 Focused Hepatobiliary Ultrasound 162<br /><i>Resa Lewiss</i></p> <p>15 Renal Ultrasound 175<br /><i>Lisa Munro Davies</i></p> <p>16 Ultrasound Evaluation of the Acute Scrotum 194<br /><i>J. Matthew Fields</i></p> <p>Extremities 203</p> <p>17 The Lower Limb and the Upper Limb 205<br /><i>David Lewis and John Gullett</i></p> <p>18 Ultrasonography of Deep Venous Thrombosis 221<br /><i>Joshua S. Rempell and Vicki E. Noble</i></p> <p>19 Transcranial Doppler 233<br /><i>John Gullett</i></p> <p>20 Ocular Ultrasound 241<br /><i>Anumeha Singh and Dietrich von Kuenssberg Jehle</i></p> <p>21 Airway/Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Sonography 251<br /><i>Barton Brown and Srikar Adhikari</i></p> <p><b>Part 3 Paediatrics 259</b></p> <p>22 Paediatric Musculoskeletal Point-of-Care Ultrasound 261<br /><i>Paul Atkinson and Peter Ross</i></p> <p>23 Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care 270<br /><i>Mahmoud A. Elbarbary</i></p> <p>24 Paediatric Abdominal Ultrasound 280<br /><i>Jennifer R. Marin</i></p> <p><b>Part 4 Adjunct to Practical Procedures 287</b></p> <p>25 Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access 289<br /><i>Nova L. Panebianco</i></p> <p>26 Pericardiocentesis, Paracentesis and Thoracentesis 296<br /><i>David B. Richards</i></p> <p>27 Suprapubic Aspiration and Catheterisation 302<br /><i>Fernando Silva</i></p> <p>28 Ultrasound in the Management of Fractures 307<br /><i>Paul Atkinson and Peter Ross</i></p> <p>29 Ultrasound-Guided (USG) Peripheral Nerve Block (PNB) 314<br /><i>Jens Børglum and Kenneth Jensen</i></p> <p>30 Foreign Body and Abscess 331<br /><i>Erskine J. Holmes</i></p> <p>31 Ultrasound of the Airway 337<br /><i>Christopher T. Wall, Seth R. Strote, Liberty V. Caroon and Robert F. Reardon</i></p> <p><b>Part 5 Syndromic Approach 347</b></p> <p>32 Chest Pain and Dyspnea 349<br /><i>Lawrence A. Melniker</i></p> <p>33 Bedside Ultrasound as an Adjunct in <i>the Evaluation and Management of Critically Ill Patients 355<br />Anthony</i> J. Dean and Sarah A. Stahmer</p> <p>34 Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Resuscitation and Cardiac Arrest: The FEEL Protocol 371<br /><i>Elena Costantini, Peter M. Zechner, Frank Heringer, Colleen Cuca, Felix Walcher and Raoul Breitkreutz</i></p> <p>35 Non-Invasive Haemodynamics 375<br /><i>Erik Sloth, Christian Alcaraz Frederiksen and Peter Juhl-Olsen</i></p> <p>36 Doppler Assessment of Haemodynamics 379<br /><i>Brendan E. Smith and Veronica M. Madigan</i></p> <p>37 Algorithmic Bedside Approach to the Major Trauma Patient in Extremis 386<br /><i>Robert Arntfield and Andrew W. Kirkpatrick</i></p> <p>38 A Syndromic Approach with Sonography to the Patient with Abdominal Pain 392<br /><i>Jonathan Fischer and Pablo Aguillera</i></p> <p>39 A Syndromic Approach to the Pregnant Patient 400<br /><i>Joseph Wood</i></p> <p>40 The Use of Ultrasound in Evaluating Dyspnoea/Respiratory Distress in Infants and Children 404<br /><i>Roberto Copetti and Luigi Cattarossi</i></p> <p>41 Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Human Immune-Deficiency Virus (HIV) and Tuberculosis (TB) Co-Infection: The FASH Scan 410<br /><i>Hein Lamprecht</i></p> <p>42 Fever and Ultrasound 418<br /><i>Gabriel Simon and Beatrice Hoffmann</i></p> <p><b>Part 6 Different Environments 423</b></p> <p>43 The Role of Ultrasound in Pre-Hospital Care 425<br /><i>Tim Harris, Adam Bystrzycki and Stefan M. Mazur</i></p> <p>Appendix A1: Selected Protocols for Cardiac and Critical Care Ultrasound 440</p> <p>44 Use of Ultrasound in Extreme or Hostile Environments (Online only) 454<br /><i>Kenton Anderson</i></p> <p>45 Setting Up an Ultrasound Programme in Underdeveloped Healthcare Systems (Online only) 462<br /><i>Hein Lamprecht and John Sloan</i></p> <p><b>Part 7 Administration (Online only) 471</b></p> <p>46 Best Practice and Future Developments in Point-of-Care Ultrasound (Online only) 473<br /><i>Robert D. Jarman</i></p> <p>47 The Role of Phantoms and Simulation in Teaching Ultrasound Skills in Emergency Medicine (Online only) 479<br /><i>Mike Wells and Lara Goldstein</i></p> <p>48 Ultrasound in Undergraduate Medical Education (Online only) 487<br /><i>Richard A. Hoppmann</i></p> <p>49 Departmental Implementation: Setting up an Ultrasound Training Programme for Medical Students - Experience of Two Universities (Online only) 493<br /><i>David C. Wherry and Mark W. Bowyer</i></p> <p>50 Future of Point-of-Care Ultrasound (Online only) 503<br /><i>Michael Blaivas</i></p> <p>Appendix A2: Normal Ultrasound Values (Online only) 506<br /><i>Phil Johnstone</i></p> <p>Index 511</p>

<p><b> James A. Connolly, MBBS, FRCS (ed), FRCS (Glas), FCEM, CFEU</b> is a Consultant in Emergency Medicine at Great North Trauma and Emergency Care Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. <p><b> Anthony J. Dean, MD</b> is a Professor of Emergency Medicine and of Emergency Medicine in Radiology; and the Director of the Division of Emergency Ultrasonography at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. <p><b> Beatrice Hoffmann, MD, PhD, RDMS</b> is Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine, Ultrasound Division Director, and Emergency Physician at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. <p><b> Robert D. Jarman, MBBS, MSc(Medical Ultrasound), FRCS(Ed), FRCEM(UK), FRCP(Ed), CFEU</b> is a Consultant in Emergency Medicine at Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Visiting Professor and MSc Point-of-Care Ultrasound Lead at University of Teesside, Middlesbrough, UK.

<p> Featuring contributions from internationally recognized experts in point-of-care sonography, <i>Emergency Point-of-Care Ultrasound, Second Edition,</i> combines a wealth of images with clear, succinct text to help beginners, as well as experienced sonographers, develop and refine their sonography skills. <p> The book contains chapters devoted to scanning the chest, abdomen, head and neck, and extremities, as well as paediatric evaluations, ultrasound-guided vascular access, and more. An entire section is devoted to the syndromic approach for an array of symptoms and patient populations, including chest and abdominal pain, respiratory distress, HIV and TB coinfected patients, and pregnant patients. Also included is expert guidance on administering ultrasound in a variety of challenging environments, such as communities and regions with underdeveloped healthcare systems, hostile environments, and cyberspace. <p> Each chapter begins with an introduction to the focused scan under discussion and a detailed description of methods for obtaining useful images. This is followed by examples of normal and abnormal scans, along with discussions of potential pitfalls of the technique, valuable insights from experienced users, and summaries of the most up-to-date evidence. <p><i> Emergency Point-of-Care Ultrasound, Second Edition</i> is a valuable working resource for emergency medicine residents and trainees, practitioners who are just bringing ultrasound scanning into their practices, and clinicians with many years of sonographic experience.

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