Details

Artificial Materials


Artificial Materials


1. Aufl.

von: Olivier Vanbésien

168,99 €

Verlag: Wiley
Format: EPUB
Veröffentl.: 17.12.2012
ISBN/EAN: 9781118563328
Sprache: englisch
Anzahl Seiten: 346

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Beschreibungen

<p>This book addresses artificial materials including photonic crystals (PC) and metamaterials (MM).</p> <p>The first part is devoted to design concepts: negative permeability and permittivity for negative refraction, periodic structures, transformation optics.</p> <p>The second part concerns PC and MM in stop band regime: from cavities, guides to high impedance surfaces. Abnormal refraction, less than one and negative, in PC and MM are studied in a third part, addressing super-focusing and cloaking.</p> <p>Applications for telecommunications, lasers and imaging systems are also explored.</p>
<p>Introduction xi</p> <p><b>PART 1. A FEW FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS 1</b></p> <p>Chapter 1. Definitions and Concepts 3</p> <p>1.1. Effective parameters of materials 3</p> <p>1.2. Terminology of artificial materials 6</p> <p>1.3. Negative refraction: stakes and consequences 8</p> <p>1.4. Bibliography 11</p> <p>Chapter 2. The Metamaterial Approach – Permeability and Permittivity Engineering 13</p> <p>2.1. Background history 13</p> <p>2.2. An imbricated lattice approach 17</p> <p>2.3. Cell approach 23</p> <p>2.4. Alternative approach: Mie resonances 31</p> <p>2.5. Bibliography 33</p> <p>Chapter 3. Photonic Crystal Approach – Band Gap Engineering 37</p> <p>3.1. Historical background 37</p> <p>3.2. Study tool: band structure 39</p> <p>3.3. 2D ½ photonic crystals 44</p> <p>3.4. A few words on three-dimensional photonic crystals 53</p> <p>3.5. Conclusion: metamaterials or photonic crystals? 55</p> <p>3.6. Bibliography 56</p> <p>Chapter 4. Transformation Optics 59</p> <p>4.1. Context 59</p> <p>4.2. Method description 60</p> <p>4.3. Bibliography 69</p> <p><b>PART 2. MATERIALS USED IN A BAND GAP REGIME 71</b></p> <p>Chapter 5. Point and Extended Defects in Photonic Crystals 73</p> <p>5.1. Context 73</p> <p>5.2. Defect zoology 74</p> <p>5.3. Selectivity of photonic crystal microcavities 77</p> <p>5.4. Waveguiding in photonic crystals 82</p> <p>5.5. Slowing down light 90</p> <p>5.6. Bibliography 92</p> <p>Chapter 6. Routing Devices made from Photonic Crystals 95</p> <p>6.1. The building brick: the add/drop filter 95</p> <p>6.2. A few photonic crystal approaches 98</p> <p>6.3. Interference-based couplers 100</p> <p>6.4. Conclusion 117</p> <p>6.5. Bibliography 117</p> <p>Chapter 7. Single Negative Metamaterials 121</p> <p>7.1. Context 121</p> <p>7.2. ENGs: negative permittivity materials 122</p> <p>7.3. MNGs: negative permeability materials 128</p> <p>7.4. What of frequency-selective surfaces? 132</p> <p>7.5. Bibliographyc 135</p> <p><b>PART 3. MATERIALS IN AN ABNORMAL REFRACTION REGIME (N < 1 AND N < 0) 137</b></p> <p>Chapter 8. Two-dimensional Microwave Balanced Composite Prism 139</p> <p>8.1. Why use a microwave prism? 139</p> <p>8.2. Conception and sizing of a balanced composite lattice 140</p> <p>8.3. Two-dimensional prism 147</p> <p>8.4. Bibliography 154</p> <p>Chapter 9. Metal-dielectric Materials – from the Terahertz to the Visible 157</p> <p>9.1. From the terahertz to the infrared 157</p> <p>9.2. A backward propagation line at terahertz frequency 158</p> <p>9.3. From “nano”-resonators to “fishnets” 163</p> <p>9.4. Three-dimensional metamaterials 172</p> <p>9.5. Bibliography 174</p> <p>Chapter 10. Abnormal Refraction in Photonic Crystals 177</p> <p>10.1. Context 177</p> <p>10.2. (An)isotropy in photonic crystals 178</p> <p>10.3. Exploiting anisotropy 185</p> <p>10.4. Focalization and negative refraction: looking for isotropy 189</p> <p>10.5. Bibliography 194</p> <p>Chapter 11. A Photonic Crystal Flat Lens at Optical Wavelength 197</p> <p>11.1. A bit of background 197</p> <p>11.2. How to define a typical prototype at optical wavelengths 198</p> <p>11.3. Lens optimization: impedance and resolution 201</p> <p>11.4. Experiments 213</p> <p>11.5. Reverse engineering: from a two-dimensional prototype to three-dimensional reality 218</p> <p>11.6. Conclusion 221</p> <p>11.7. Bibliography 222</p> <p>Chapter 12. Wave-controlling Systems – Towards Bypass and Invisibility 225</p> <p>12.1. “Transformation optics” or “dispersion engineering” 225</p> <p>12.2. Component approaches for controlling waves 226</p> <p>12.3. Invisibility at terahertz frequencies: Mie resonances 241</p> <p>12.4. An alternative with the photonic crystal: the butterfly 246</p> <p>12.5. Perspectives 250</p> <p>12.6. Bibliography 250</p> <p><b>PART 4. MOVING TOWARD APPLICATIONS 253</b></p> <p>Chapter 13. Guiding, Filtering and Routing Electromagnetic Waves 255</p> <p>13.1. Context 255</p> <p>13.2. Guiding: propagation lines and tunable phase shifters 256</p> <p>13.3. Filtering 266</p> <p>13.4. Metamaterial-based routing 273</p> <p>13.5. Conclusion 276</p> <p>13.6. Bibliography 276</p> <p>Chapter 14. Antennas 279</p> <p>14.1. Towards the miniaturization of transmission/reception systems 279</p> <p>14.2. Directivity engineering 280</p> <p>14.3. Subwavelength sizing 293</p> <p>14.4. Conclusion 298</p> <p>14.5. Bibliography 299</p> <p>Chapter 15. Optics: Fibers and Cavities 301</p> <p>15.1. Optical issues: the privileged domain of photonic crystals 301</p> <p>15.2. Microstructured optical fibers 302</p> <p>15.3. Toward zero threshold lasers 310</p> <p>15.4. Bibliography 318</p> <p>Chapter 16. Detection, Imaging and Tomography Systems 321</p> <p>16.1. From detection to imaging 321</p> <p>16.2. Terahertz sensors 322</p> <p>16.3. Direct approach for imaging 326</p> <p>16.4. Detection and image reconstruction 328</p> <p>16.5. A vast field to explore 337</p> <p>16.6. Bibliography 339</p> <p>Conclusion 341</p> <p>Index 345</p>
<p><strong>Olivier VANBéSIEN</strong> is Professor, IEMN, at Lille University, France.

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