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1. INTRODUCTION <p>A. Polymers and the importance of rheology</p> <p>B. Rheology in its simplest form</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>Suggested references, with commentary</p> <p>2. STRESS</p> <p>A. Stress and pressure</p> <p>B. Organization of the stress components</p> <p>C. Coping with subscripts</p> <p>D. Typical stress tensors</p> <p>Appendix 2-1: Compilation of equations of motion (ssc)</p> <p>Appendix 2-2: Equations of motion—curvilinear quick list (ssc)</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>3. VELOCITY, VELOCITY GRADIENT AND RATE OF DEFORMATION</p> <p>A. Why velocity is simpler than location—Speedometers vs. GPS</p> <p>B. Velocity gradients</p> <p>C. Rate of deformation</p> <p>Appendix 3-1: Components of the rate-of-deformation tensor</p> <p>Appendix 3-2: Components of the continuity equation</p> <p>Appendix 3-3: Nomenclature and sign conventions used in popular rheology texts</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>4. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRESS AND RATE OF DEFORMATION: THE NEWTONIAN FLUID</p> <p>A Material idealizations in rheology</p> <p>B. The Newtonian fluid</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>5. GENERALIZED NEWTONIAN FLUIDS — A SMALL BUT IMPORTANT STEP TOWARD A DESCRIPTION OF REAL BEHAVIOR FOR POLYMERS</p> <p>A. Reasons for inventing generalized Newtonian fluids — behavior of polymer melts</p> <p>B. Generalizing the GNF to three dimensions</p> <p>C. Inventing relationships for viscosity vs. shear rate</p> <p>D. Short primer on finding GNF parameters from data</p> <p>E. Summary of GNF characteristics</p> <p>Appendix 5-1: Fitting data with Excel</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>6. NORMAL STRESSES—ORDINARY BEHAVIOR FOR POLYMERS</p> <p>A. Introduction</p> <p>B. What are normal stresses</p> <p>C. Origin of normal stresses in simple shear</p> <p>D. The second normal-stress difference</p> <p>E. Normal-stress coefficients and empirical findings</p> <p>F. Transient rheological functions</p> <p>D. Temperature effects and superposition of steady-flow data</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>7. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS</p> <p>A. Measurement of viscosity</p> <p>B. Normal stresses from shearing flows</p> <p>C. Extensional rheology</p> <p>D. Specialized geometries</p> <p>E. Flow visualization and other rheo-optical methods</p> <p>F. Micro and nano rheology</p> <p>Appendix 7-1: Numerical derivatives</p> <p>Appendix 7-2: Velocity-profile correction for non-Newtonian fluids</p> <p>Appendix 7-3: Incorporation of slip into the velocity-profile correction— the Mooney correction</p> <p>Appendix 7-4: Normal stresses using the cone-and-plate geometry</p> <p>Appendix 7-5: Desktop rheo-optical experiment</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>8. STRAIN, SMALL AND LARGE</p> <p>A. Displacement</p> <p>B. Infinitesimal strain</p> <p>C. Hookean solids</p> <p>D. Finite strain</p> <p>E. The Lodge elastic fluid and variants</p> <p>F. The Cauchy strain measure</p> <p>G. Fixing up integral equations based on <b>C</b> and <b>C</b>-1</p> <p>Appendix 8-1: The relaxation function</p> <p>Appendix 8-2: Constant-rate extension of the LEF</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>9. MOLECULAR ORIGINS OF RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR</p> <p>A. Description of polymer molecules</p> <p>B. The Rouse chain—a limited description of polymer behavior</p> <p>C. Other chain-like models</p> <p>D. Dealing with entanglements</p> <p>E. Summary of predictions of molecular theory</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>10. ELEMENTARY POLYMER PROCESSING CONCEPTS</p> <p>A. Simple laboratory processing methods</p> <p>B. Elementary extrusion concepts</p> <p>C. A downstream process—spinning</p> <p>D. Summary</p> <p>Appendix 10-1: Densities of melts at elevated temperatures</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>11. QUALITY-CONTROL RHEOLOGY</p> <p>A. Examples of methods used by various industries</p> <p>B. Test precision</p> <p>Appendix 11-1: ASTM tests methods for rheological characterization</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>12. FLOW OF MODIFIED POLYMERS AND POLYMERS WITH SUPERMOLECULAR STRUCTURE</p> <p>A. Polymers filled with particulates</p> <p>B. Liquid crystallinity and rheology</p> <p>C. Polymers with microphase separation in melts or solutions</p> <p>D. Covalent crosslinking of polymers</p> <p>Appendix 12-1: Van 't Hoff equation applied to gelation</p> <p>Problems</p> <p>References</p> <p>ANSWERS TO SELECTED PROBLEMS</p>

<p>“The book is written in a relaxed style and targeted at students which do not yet have a background in transport phenomena, linear algebra, differential equations and numerical analysis, thus bridging a gap to mathematically much more demanding text books on rheology which e.g. use short hand tensor notation.”  (<i>Applied Rheology</i>, 1 October 2013)</p>

<b>Montgomery T. Shaw</b>, PhD, is the DiBenedetto Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, Connecticut. He is a coauthor of <i>Introduction to Polymer Viscoelasticity</i>, Third Edition, also published by Wiley.

<b>An introduction to the rheology of polymers, with simple math</b> <p>Designed for practicing scientists and engineers interested in polymer rheology science, education, consulting, or research and development, <i>Introduction to Polymer Rheology</i> is a comprehensive yet accessible guide to the study of the deformation and flow of matter under applied stress. Often considered a complicated topic for beginners, the book makes grasping the fundamentals of polymer rheology easy by presenting information in an approachable way and limiting the use of complex mathematics. By doing so, this introductory overview provides readers with easy access to the key concepts underlying the flow behavior of polymer melts, solutions, and suspensions. Incorporating sample problems that are worked through and explained on the page, as well as numerous practice problems to gauge learning comprehension, the book prepares new students and practitioners for moving on to more advanced concepts.</p> <p>Comprising twelve chapters, the book covers stress, velocity and rate of deformation, the relationship between stress and rate of deformation (Newtonian fluid), generalized Newtonian fluids, normal stresses and elastic behavior, experimental methods, small and large strain, the molecular origins of rheological behavior, elementary polymer processing concepts, quality control in rheology, and the flow of modified polymers and those with supermolecular structure.</p> <p>The essential reference for accurately interpreting polymer rheology data, <i>Introduction to Polymer Rheology</i> provides readers with an elementary understanding of the key issues and modern approaches to resolving problems in the field.</p>

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