Details

Australian History For Dummies

2. Aufl.

von: Alex McDermott
17,99 €
Verlag:	Wiley
Format:	PDF
Veröffentl.:	22.03.2022
ISBN/EAN:	9780730395508
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	496

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Beschreibungen

Titelbeschreibung

Discover the fascinating details that make Australia the country it is today Australian History For Dummies is your rough-and-ready tour guide through Australia's whirlwind past. We'll introduce you to the people and events that have shaped this 'Land Down Under' (and why it's called that, anyway). You'll see how Indigenous Australians lived in Australia for over 65,000 years. You'll be there as British colonists explore Australia's harsh terrain. You'll appreciate the impact of the world wars. And you'll delve into the recent past, giving you insight into modern-day Australia and what's next. Australia is a place unlike any other place, and its wild history, with more ups and downs than you'll care to count, makes for fascinating reading. Bushrangers, the gold rush, the first female prime minister—it's all inside. This new edition fills in the last ten years of history and covers issues faced in the 21st century. <ul> <li>Explore the history of Indigenous Australia from the ancient past to the modern day</li> <li>Watch Australia put itself on the map—learn about the intrepid explorers and the discovery of gold</li> <li>Understand how and why the states were united and meet the major players who made it happen</li> <li>Examine the social, economic and political changes that made Australia what it is today</li> </ul> Students, teachers and anyone else who wants to learn more about Australia’s background will love this lively, authoritative book. Relax and be entertained as Australian History For Dummies tells you the stories of the past.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction 1 About This Book 1 Foolish Assumptions 2 Icons Used in This Book 3 Where to Go from Here 4 Part 1: Let’s Get This Country Started 5 Chapter 1: Aussie, Aussie, Aussie 7 When Oldest Meets Newest 8 Getting ahead in the convict world 8 Leaping into the big time with wool 10 Gold, Gold, Gold for Australia 10 Welcoming in male suffrage 11 Striving for the ‘workingman’s paradise’ 12 Solving the Problems of the World (By Keeping Out the World) 14 Now for War, Division, Depression and More War 15 Joining the Empire in the war 15 Dreaming of ‘Australia Unlimited’ 16 Getting hit by the Great Depression 17 And another war 17 The Postwar Boom Broom 18 Breaking Down the Fortress Australia Mentality 19 Opening up the economy 19 Opening up the borders (mostly) 20 Entering the New Millennium 20 Chapter 2: First Australians: Making a Home, Receiving Visitors 23 Indigenous Australians 24 Settling in early 24 Life in Aboriginal Australia 26 History without books 28 Trading with the neighbours 29 Visitors from Overseas 30 Macassan fishermen 30 Portuguese and Spanish navigators 31 Lost Dutch traders and wandering explorers 31 Chapter 3: Second Arrivals and First Colonials 33 ‘Discovering’ the Great Southern Land 34 Finding the right men for the job 34 Setting (British) eyes on New South Wales 36 The Brits are Coming! 37 Quick! New settlement required 37 Pushing for a settlement in NSW 40 Picking a winner: NSW it is! 41 Sailing for Botany Bay 44 Getting there with the First Fleet 44 The human material: Who were these people? 45 Holding Out at Sydney 46 Using convicts as guards 46 Issuing ultimatums (and being ignored) 47 Soldiering on regardless 47 New Colony Blues 48 Second Fleet horrors 48 Courting disaster with the interlopers 49 Bennelong and Phillip 50 Then the rest of the world goes bung 51 Chapter 4: Colony Going Places (With Some Teething Troubles) 53 Rising to the Task: The NSW Corps Steps Up 54 Setting up trading monopolies 56 The ascendancy of the ‘Rum Corps’ 56 Upsetting the reverends 57 Ruling with Goodhearted Incompetence: Governor Hunter 58 Ending the trading monopoly game 59 A government store with empty shelves 60 Handing out land higgledy-piggledy 60 Hunter’s wheels fall off 62 King Came, King Saw, King Conquered — Kind Of 62 Diversifying trade and production 63 Ending the rum trade (well points for trying) 64 Pardoning convicts 65 Fixing up the mess 65 Choosing Bligh for the job 66 Bligh gets down to business 66 Bligh’s end 68 Chapter 5: A Nation of Second Chances 71 Macquarie’s Brave New World 72 Converting Macquarie 73 Living under the Macquarie regime 74 Macquarie’s Main Points of Attack 75 Pushing expansion 76 Conciliating (and pursuing) Indigenous Australians 78 Re-ordering a town, re-ordering convict behaviour 79 Becoming a Governor Ahead of His Time 81 Stirring up trouble with the free folk 81 Creating outrage back home 82 Big World Changes for Little NSW 83 Coping with the deluge following Waterloo 83 Britain starts paying attention again (unfortunately!) 83 Bringing back terror 84 Big Country? Big Ambitions? Bigge the Inspector? Big Problem! 85 Recognising Macquarie’s Legacy 86 Part 2: 1820s to 1900: Wool, Gold, Bust and then Federation 89 Chapter 6: Getting Tough, Making Money and Taking Country 91 Revamping the Convict System 92 Putting the terror back into the system and the system back into the terror 93 Bringing in the settlers 93 Bringing in the enforcers 94 Getting Tough Love from Darling 95 Running into staffing issues 95 Going head-to-head with the press 96 Coming up against calls for representation 96 Putting it all down to a personality clash 98 Enduring Tough Times from Arthur 99 Concentrating on punishment and reform 99 Recording punishments in the system 100 Fighting bushrangers and Tasmanian Aboriginals 101 Hitting the Big Time with Wool and Grabbing Land 104 Opening up Australia’s fertile land 106 Adding sheep, making money 107 Clashing with the locals: white pioneers, black pioneers 109 Fighting the land grab 110 Chapter 7: Economic Collapse and the Beginnings of Nationalism 115 Bubble Times: From Speculative Mania to a Big Collapse 116 Working the market into a frenzy 116 Investing in land with easy credit 117 Ducking for cover as the economy collapses 119 Picking up the pieces after the implosion 120 Moving On from Convictism 121 British calls to end convict ‘slavery’ 121 Ending transportation to NSW 122 Feeling the effects of ending transportation 123 Van Diemen’s Land hits saturation point 123 Feeling the First Stirrings of Nationalism 124 Britain tries turning the convict tap back on 124 Britain offers exiles instead 125 Protecting Indigenous Australians — British Colonial Style 128 Attempting to protect Aboriginal peoples 128 New possibility on Merri Creek 131 Same old tragedy on Myall Creek 132 Chapter 8: The Discovery of Gold and an Immigration Avalanche 133 You want gold? We got gold! 134 Discovering gold (and going a little crazy) 134 Introducing order and hoping for calm 136 Adding a gambling mentality to the mix 137 Working Towards the Workingman’s Paradise 138 That Eureka Moment 140 Rumblings of discontent 141 Tensions boil over 141 The Arrival of Self-Government 144 Votes for a few men 144 Votes for many men 144 Suffrage goes rogue 147 Unlocking the Arable Lands 149 Moving the squatters 149 Making new laws for new farmers 151 Dealing with squatter problems 151 Facing up to non-squatter problems 152 Chapter 9: Explorers, Selectors, Bushrangers and Trains 155 Explorer Superstars 156 Seeking thrills in the ‘great unknown’ 156 Then making the unknown known 157 Sturt and Leichhardt Go Looking 158 Sturt — have boat, will walk 159 Leichhardt also walks right off the map 160 The Great Race — Stuart versus Burke and Wills 161 Seeing the back of Burke, losing Wills 161 Super Stuart — just a pity he’s drunk 163 Selectors and Bushrangers 165 Moving on from the selectors’ dust heap 166 Bushranging nation 167 Ned Kelly: Oppressed Selector’s Son? Larrikin Wild Child? Stone-cold killer? 171 Kelly’s key events 172 The man in the iron mask 174 Growing Towards Nationhood Maybe 175 A telegraph to the world 175 It’s raining trains 176 Chapter 10: Work, Play and Politics during the Long Boom 179 The ‘Workingman’s Paradise’ Continues 180 Growth brings jobs 180 Workingwomen’s paradise too 181 Workers’ Playtime 182 Beating the English at cricket 183 New codes of football 183 The Big Myth of the Bush: Not So Rural Australia 185 Rearranging the Political Furniture 186 Charting new colonial directions 187 Intervening in the economy 192 Chapter 11: The Economy’s Collapsed — Anyone for Nationhood? 197 From Boom to Bust 198 The bubble before the pop 198 And now for a big collapse 199 Three strikes and we’re out — industrial turmoil 203 Birthing the Australian Labor Party 205 From little things 206 Two Australian halves of a Labor story 206 Labor politicos and Labor unionists — the struggle begins! 207 New Nation? Maybe Maybe Not 209 Why Federation happened 209 How Federation happened 212 Three men who made Federation happen 217 Part 3: The 20th Century: New Nation, New Trajectories 221 Chapter 12: Nation Just Born Yesterday 223 Advancing Australia: A Social Laboratory 224 Defining the Commonwealth 225 What the judges said 226 What the politicians did 226 What everyday people thought 227 Passing Innovative Legislation 228 Franchising Australian women 229 Establishing bold new protection 231 Deciding on a fair and reasonable wage 232 Voting in Labor 233 That Whole White Australia Thing 234 Passing the Immigration Restriction Act 235 Promising ‘protection’ — and delivering the absolute opposite 236 Excluding Chinese Australians 238 Dealing with the ‘piebald north’ 239 Deporting the ‘Kanakas’ 240 Pushing ‘purity’ 241 Chapter 13: World War I: International and Local Ruptures 243 Gearing Up for Global War 244 Building up Australian forces 245 Choosing the best party to lead the wartime government 245 Why get involved? 246 Australia at War 246 Proving ourselves to the world, part I: Gallipoli 247 Proving ourselves to the world, part II: The Western Front 249 General John Monash engineers some victory 251 Home Front Hassles 253 Getting on the war footing 254 Irish troubles 254 Conscription controversy 257 When Billy goes rogue — aftermath of the Labor split 260 Moving the Pieces around the Global Table: Australia at Versailles 262 Chapter 14: Australia Unlimited 263 Expanding Australia 264 Postwar Australia — from sour to unlimited 264 Postwar blues? Take the ‘Men, Money and Markets’ cure 266 Australia Not-So-Unlimited 272 Borrowing unlimited for little Australia 272 Land disasters 273 Schizoid Nation 274 Sport, the beach and picture shows 275 Cars, radios and Californian bungalows 275 Returned soldiers — elite, but angry 276 The race bogey 280 The Workers of Australia 280 Labor turns hard left 281 Labor in state governments 282 An attack of the Wobblies 282 Bruce arbitrates his own destruction 283 Part 4: 1930 to 1949: Going So Wrong, So Soon? 287 Chapter 15: A Not So Great Depression 289 Crash and Depression 290 Borrowing like there’s no tomorrow 290 Here comes tomorrow 291 The man from the Bank (of England) 291 The Melbourne Agreement 292 A(nother) Labor Split 293 Two different solutions for the Great Depression problems 293 A party shoots itself in both feet 295 Lang sacked and Labor in tatters 297 Threats to Democracy from Best Friends and Enemies 300 Seeing the virtues of communism 300 Forming secret armies 301 Mistakes and Resilience through the Crisis 304 The politicians fail 304 The people endure 306 Celebrating 26 January 1938? Yes Mourning and Protesting? Also yes 307 Chapter 16: World War II Battles 311 Building Up to War 312 Defences through the Great Depression 312 Embracing the Singapore Strategy 313 Belatedly prodded into action 314 Dealing with Early War Problems 315 Problems with tactics and technology 316 Problems with officer training and promotions 316 Problems with weapons 317 Overseas Again 317 War in northern Africa 317 War in the Mediterranean 319 This Time It’s Personal: War in the Pacific 319 Britain can’t do everything: The fall of Singapore 320 Attacks on Australia 321 Um, America — can we be friends? 323 Turning the tide in the Coral Sea and on the Kokoda Trail 323 Jungle victories 327 Petering into significance 328 Tackling Issues on the Home Front 329 Industrialisation and business expansion 329 Rationing and control 330 Women in war times 331 Taxing everyone and building a welfare system 332 Chapter 17: Making Australia New Again 335 Restarting the Social Laboratory Under Chifley 336 Chifley’s Postwar Reconstruction 337 Focusing on public works and welfare 337 Developing the public service 338 Increasing legislative interventions 340 Coming up against High Court troubles 340 Calwell and the Postwar Migration Revolution 341 Looking beyond Britain to meet migration needs 342 Breaking the mould of mainstream Australia 342 Shifting Balances with Foreign Policy 345 Giving a voice to all nations in the UN 345 Choosing between America and Britain 346 Treading On an Ants’ Nest — of Angry Banks 347 Taking a tentative step 347 Going full-steam down the nationalisation road 348 Part 5: 1950 to 2000: Prosperity and Social Turmoil 351 Chapter 18: Ambushed — by Prosperity! 353 Economics of the Postwar Dreamtime 354 Developing industry and manufacturing 354 Accepting ‘new’ Australian workers 355 Indigenous Australians push back against new policies 356 Suburbia! The Final Frontier 359 White goods make good friends 359 New neighbourhoods and isolation 360 The Rise and Rise of Bob Menzies 361 Appealing to ‘the forgotten people’ 361 Appealing to women 362 Appealing to everyday freedoms 363 Tackling the Communist Threat 365 Menzies tries to ban the Communist Party 365 A man called Petrov and another Labor split 367 Chapter 19: Taking Things Apart in the 1960s and 1970s 371 Moving On from Empire 372 Still loving Britain 372 Losing Britain all the same 373 Looking to Japan and America 374 Defending Australia with America 375 Attack of the Baby Boomers! 377 Ending White Australia 377 Gaining rights for Indigenous Australians 381 Fighting for women’s rights 383 Crashing — or Crashing Through — With Gough 383 It’s (finally Labor’s) Time! 384 The Whitlam typhoon 385 When the wheels fall off 387 Chapter 20: When Old Australia Dies Is New Australia Ready? 389 The Coming of Malcolm Fraser 390 Launching the good ship Multi-Culti 391 Fraser foiled! By shifting economic sands 392 Deregulation Nation 394 Welcoming in ‘Hawke’s World’ 394 Feeling the effects of short-term excess 397 Deregulating the labour market 399 Fighting the Culture Wars 400 Keating fires the starting gun 401 Bumps on the multi-culti road 402 Howard versus the ‘brain class’ 403 Pauline Hanson enters the debate (and turns Howard’s head) 405 Battling Over Native Title 406 Acting on the Mabo judgement 406 Panicking after the Wik judgement 407 Part 6: 2000 and Beyond: Seeking Solutions to Global and Local Problems 411 Chapter 21: Into the New Millennium 413 Still Dealing with the Outside World 414 Protecting the borders 414 Flashpoint Tampa 416 Dealing with the Bali bombings 417 Facing Up to Challenges at Home 418 Apologising to the Stolen Generations 418 Creating more wealth for more people 419 New political directions 421 Chapter 22: Facing Off Between Two Australias 425 A Dozen Years with a Changing Beat 426 The Australian Cavalcade of Events 428 Revolving the door for prime ministers 428 Turnbull’s time 431 Turnbull undone 435 Believing in election miracles 436 Tackling Three Seriously Significant Issues 437 That big China question 437 The People versus Big Tech 439 The People versus COVID 440 Leaders, Politics, Culture and Two Australias 444 From tribe to brand 444 Politics? Downstream of culture 446 Culture? Downwind of politics 446 Part 7: The Part of Tens 451 Chapter 23: Ten Things Australia Gave the World 453 The Boomerang 453 The Ticket of Leave System 454 The Secret Ballot 454 The Eight-Hour Day 454 Feature Films 455 The Artificial Pacemaker 455 The Practical Application of Penicillin 455 Airline Safety Devices 455 Permaculture 456 Spray-on Skin 456 Chapter 24: Ten Game-Changing Moments 457 Cook Claims the East Coast of Australia 457 Henry Kable Claims a Suitcase — and Rights for Convicts 458 Gold Discovered 458 Women Get the Vote in South Australia and Federally 459 Building a Fortress out of Australia — the White Australia Policy 459 Australia splits over Conscription 460 Australia on the Western Front 461 The Post–World War II Migration Program 461 Lake Mungo Woman 461 Mabo 462 Index 463

Autorenportrait

Alex McDermott is an author, historian, and creative producer. His passion is writing histories which tell the pivotal stories that help us understand how we came to be who we are today. He has contributed his expertise to Screen Australia, State Library Victoria, La Trobe University, SBS, ABC and many other organisations.

Back cover copy

Take a guided tour through Australia’s past! The ‘Land Down Under’ is no shrinking violet, as you probably already know. And this is no dull and dry history book! Climb aboard and meet the people and events that shaped this land: from the oldest continuing culture in the world, to infamous bushrangers, British colonists who explored Australia’s unforgiving terrain, the gold rush that lead to mass immigration and made Australia rich, and more fascinating details that made Australia the country it is today. This updated edition also adds another decade of new Australian history and covers issues faced in the 21st century. You’ll be enthralled! Inside… <ul><li> Discover the history of indigenous Australia</li> <li> Understand why the British colonised Australia</li> <li> Explore the gold rush days</li> <li> See the effect of fighting in overseas wars</li> <li> Meet the major players who helped define the country</li></ul>